"Explosion technology"— scientific and technical journal

Velocity and time of expansion of cylindrical explosive cavity in rock massif**

Keywords: explosive explosion, explosive cavity, velocity of the cavity walls movement, time of the cavity expansion

Based on examination of the first stage of the explosive explosion in the rock massif an expression was proposed for increasing mass of rocks, squeezed out of the explosive cavity. Using the theorem of momentum change of the body with variable mass the dependence was determined of velocity changing of the explosive cavity walls movement from its radius. Giving a certain value of relative movement of the cavity walls, one can easily calculate their velocity during corresponding period according to this dependence. Also this dependence allows to find the expansion time of the explosive cavity during the period between its adjacent positions. According to the proposed formulas the velocities and expansion time were defined of the explosive cavity in rocks with different physical and mechanical properties by using explosives with the different physical-chemical characteristics.

Distribution of natural separateness by the sizes in the massif of rocks

Keywords: rock massif, the distance between the cracks, an average size of a natural jointing, granulometric composition

In article on experimental data dependences of percentage of natural separateness in the massif of breeds are established. The average extent of natural separateness is determined by them and the return task is solved. As in technical documentation of the mountain enterprises only a distance between natural cracks is specified, the developed technique serves as the reliable tool for determination of percentage of natural separateness in the massif of rocks.

The wave of destruction in the edge of the seam at the «sudden shift»

Keywords: coal seam, sudden shift, wave of discharge, a crack, a wave of destruction

Disastrous gas manifestation in coal mines precedes almost instant destruction of the seam edge due to its discharge from initial stresses in the array. It is formed discharge wave spreading from the face into the seam at the speed of sound. To the front of this wave is attached a destruction area in coal, which is determined by the cracks speed propagation and fracture fade time. The destruction is due to the presence of numerous tensile and shear cracks in coal, which grows, dissecting the coal on the pieces of various sizes, up to the «frenzied flour».

Rocks destructibility category

Keywords: explosive works; an open-cast mine; resistibility to destruction; the specific expense; an explosibility category; a grid of chinks

This article describes developed table creation method of the open pit rocks explosive destructibility based on the general rocks explosive destructibility classification. This method can be widely used on all open pits in mining of the ores and building materials.

Rocks destructibility category

Keywords: the profile of concentration, chain reactions, instantaneous point source

The article is devoted to the consideration of any environments with chain of processes and in the framework of theory of instant point sources was obtained the formula for the estimation of amplitude and profile of concentration of active particles in the vessels - and also in coal mines.
Because of limited space are not presented graphs for the case when due to the accumulation of coal dust, the diffusion coefficient of the active particles will be reduced, which may lead to a change the sign of exponent and the system will be ignited causing the birth of a shock wave.

Of classification of rocks as resistant explosive destruction

Keywords: explosive failure, rock, properties, strength, speed of longitudinal waves, microresonator, specific consumption, classification

The analysis of the various classifications of rocks by the resilience of the explosive destruction. It is noted that the main feature of the majority of the classifications is the strength of rocks. Conducted research results on the evaluation of microcracks rocks on the velocity of longitudinal waves and their correlation with the specific consumption of explosives when conducting mining. It is shown that to evaluate the resistance of the explosive destruction of solid rock is necessary to take into account the degree of their microcracks.

Engineering BSB in careers

Keywords: drilling and blasting; operational planning; computer-aided design; design package; specific fuel; explosion category; net wells

The article describes the authors developed a new method of rapid computer-aided design of blasting in quarries. The design is only on the materials extracted from the plant server without pre- operative exchange documents directly between departments and services Mining Administration. Using the method allows designers to increase productivity in large enterprises tenfold.

Management degree of fragmentation at high ledges exploding

Keywords: explosion, high escarpment, Cliff, particle size distribution, simulation, distribution options, retaining wall, the width of the collapse

Are blasting research of high ledges, as one element of improving technology of explosive preparations of the excavation in deep mining quarries. Analyses the results of the pilot studies on quality parameters of crushing and collapse of blasted rock mass under various boundary conditions placed upon the freedom of fragmented rocks characteristic of blasting high ledges. Analytical dependences, defining the width and height of the collapse when you change the settings of explosives and construction charges.

Physical parameters of the function of limiting the surface of rock destruction at the volumetric loading

Keywords: rocks; strength; loading; volumetric loading; deformation; the destruction; the limit surface destruction; mathematical model; State function; physical parameters; energy theory of strength

The article deals with the physical parameters of the function of limiting the surface of rock destruction at the volumetric loading and the equation of this surface, which allows you to justify the move to the beginning of the destruction of the array. A closed system of mechanical ratios to describe patterns of mechanical properties of heterogeneous rocks, taking into account the different types of 3D tight conditions.

Improvement of methods and means of rocks destruction at mining

Keywords: blasting, regales value, charges with an axial cavity, demilitarized explosive materials, active part of the cumulative charge, combined open-pit and underground mining, value of exposure cavity, compensatory space

Blasting parameters in this article are justified regarding characteristics of axial cavity charges detonation for the rocks destruction at the ledge bottom using demilitarized explosive materials. Also considered methodical approaches to the definition of the active part of the cumulative charges of plane symmetry with different forms of cumulative surface. Method for determining of loosening coefficient is represented when mining stocks under the open pit bottom while blasting in combined open-pit and underground mining.

Features of conduct during necessary BSB superdeep kimberlite career "Udachniy"

Keywords: drilling-and-blastings, emulsion explosives, technogenic damageability of diamonds, seismometric operations, charges with air gaps

The analytical data of the references on research of the diamonds technogenic damageability at explosion and mineral processing is given in article.
Operations on engineering support of the blasting on ALROSA’s pits are described.
The matter of a problem posing is considered at the further research of the basic raw safety.

Experience with beam approaches explosive charge at a mass of breaking ore deposits in the iron Mountain Shoria

Keywords: rock, charges, deposits, voltage, tremors

Carried out the bombings in udaroopasnost conditions at the place of iron-births. The influence of multi-row arrangement of adjacent beam explosive charges on the rock mass before and after the explosion.

Expressways investigation of rock mass in preparation for excavation by drilling and blasting

Keywords: drilling and blasting operations, physical and mechanical properties of rocks, energy drilling and blasting of rock failure

The article presents the results of years of research of the Laboratory of rock destruction Institute of Mining, Ural Branch of RAS in the rapid determination of the strength characteristics of the local mountain ranges in the design of technological explosions.

Influence of lamination on destruction of ferruterous quartzites

Keywords: lamination, ferruterous quartzites, strength, speed of displacement of particles

In article influence of lamination of ferruterous quartzites Михайловского of a deposit on process of their destruction is considered. Dependences of strength are established on a stretching and compression from a corner of an inclination of lamination. Dependences of change of speed of displacement of particles are determined at distribution of a wave of a pressure along prodeleting lamination and in a direction perpendicular to layers.

Regarding to rock massif destruction efficiency by high pressure pneumo-pulse cartridges

Keywords: pneumo-pulse cartridge, destruction of rock massif, high pressure compressed air, breakage

The article presents the main factors determining the effective destruction of the rock massif by compressed air with high pressure bursted from pneumo-pulse cartridge, as well as the interaction of these factors together.

Influence of dispersion of sodium chloride on the ability to detonation of its mixtures with nitroglycerine

Keywords: explosive mixtures, nitroglycerine, sodium chloride, detonation, critical diameter, velocity

On the example of mixtures nitroglycerine with sodium nitrate is shown that critical diameter is unusual dependent on particles size salt.

Technologic features of emulsion explosives production for charging and blasting operations in underground mines

Keywords: emulsion explosives, granemit, mechanization, blast hole, well, sensitizing

The paper presents the review of emulsion explosives for application in underground mines. There is shown the advantage of application of emulsion explosives for charging blast holes and wells in underground conditions. The short description of the process and conditions for production of emulsion explosives is given as well as the results of a mixing and charging pilot unit application.

Comparative estimation of efficiency of actions of explosives at carrying out of mountain developments at coal mines

Keywords: explosive substance, specific charge, energy, rock, pre-fracture of material, excavation, blasting, analysis

Analysis of specific consumption of two different types of explosives on the energy characteristics in their application in strong and less than solid rocks when carrying out of mountain developments. Notes the important role of the factor of «pre-fracture» with the comparison of the effectiveness of the actions of various explosives in the rocks.

Increase of efficiency of explosive works at carrying out of mountain developments

Keywords: charge, stemming, explosion, blast-hole locking gasdynamics the device, products of explosion, mountain development

The opportunity of application in quality stemming blast-hole charges locking gasodynamics devices is shown. Results of trial tests of designs blast-hole charges providing increase of efficiency of explosive works and safety aquifer rock mass a file are resulted at carrying out of mountain developments.

Impact of dynamic loadings on explosive characteristics of gaseous emulsion explosives

Keywords: emulsion explosives, charging density, detonative velocity, dynamic loadings

The experimental data are presented on impact of dynamic loadings resulted from a blast of explosive charges on explosive characteristics of gaseous emulsion explosives. It is shown that the repeated impact of a detonating cord’s blast on an external wall of the pipe with explosive charge results in increase of the explosive charge density and significant decrease of its detonating velocity. The cases are given of charges failures in contour holes during mine excavations driving. The solution is obtained which allows determining the compaction degree according to conditions of the charges location. The conclusion is made about reasonability of initial decrease of the charges density with the aim to provide for its explosive efficiency in a dynamically compacted state.

Calculation of fracture zone radius at borehole charge explosion

Keywords: fracture area, borehole charge, roof softening, rock massif

During the survey it was found that the fracture zone at charge explosion is determined by the diameter of the borehole and the magnitude of the charge, by the type of explosive ant the method of initiation. The fracture zone radius depends on the physic-mechanical properties, elastic properties and parameters of a stress wave.

Creation of the mechanism for main roof rocks softening

Keywords: softening, blasting, blasting crack, rock massif

The article presents the studies results of the softening rock massif evaluation at the forward torpedoing and hydromicrotorpedoing. Softening mechanism of roof rock formation by advanced torpedoing can be seen as a process with four main stages of cracks formed as explosive movement stope development.

Scientific and methodical justification of the directions of resource-saving scrappage of the high-energy condensed systems

Keywords: industrial scrappage, standardly legal regulation, federal law, federal target program, dangerous industrial object, ordinary arms, expert industrial safety

Article describes the situation which has developed in the Russian Federation on standard legal and organizational-technically to ensuring safe industrial scrappage of rockets and ammunition. The attention to strengthening of a role of the expert organizations for a choice of rational strategy of scrappage which has to answer set of inconsistent requirements of ensuring defense capability of the country, social and economic development of society, economy of resources of the state.

Standard-legal and organizational-technical ensuring safe industrial scrappage of rockets and ammunition

Keywords: high-energy condensed systems, solid rocket fuel, scrappage, resource-saving, decomposition, destruction, diversification, block diagram of scrappage of solid propellant charges

In the article the alternative directions of resource-saving scrappage of the high-energy condensed systems are offered, the block diagram of scrappage of solid propellant charges is provided. Questions are raised about change of military technical means where a power source is solid rocket fuel.

Assessment of environmental safety in process of demilitarization of artillery ammunition

Keywords: demilitarization explosive materials, environment impact, pollutants

The assessment of environmental safety recycling of energy-intensive components, resulting in the demilitarization of artillery ammunition, including safe to handle compositions thereof for use in the mining industry.

Parameters of environmentally acceptable and resource saving technologies for rock massifs preparation to open excavation works

Keywords: open mining, rock massif, ledge processing, drilling and blasting operations, consumption of explosives, softening, technological parameters, excavations

The main technological parameters and modes of non-explosive and combined, reducing consumption of explosives, methods of preparation of mountain ranges to the excavation, based on physic-chemical properties of rocks and softening coals are presented, as well as experience in implementing these environmentally sound technologies on open works.

Protection of low-voltage electric bridge initiators and pyroautomatic systems against stray currents

Keywords: electrical initiators, stray currents, protection

This article describes triggering of electric bridge initiators by stray currents of different origin. The known criteria of resistance against stray currents and an overview of the possible methods of protection with evaluation of their efficiency are presented.

Assessment of conditions for underground explosion effect on hydrogeological environment in the rock mass

Keywords: underground explosion, hydrogeological environment, transport channel, fluids, rock pressure

The paper gives a theoretical assessment of conditions for growth of a long major crack in rock mass as a result of changes in its stress state under the effect of underground explosion. It is shown that crack generation is possible under low natural rock pressure. Generation of such a crack may influence hydrogeological environment in the rock mass.

To develop a declaration of industrial safety

Keywords: industrial safety, emergency, moving the explosives, explosion

The article describes the approach to the development of industrial safety declarations of dangerous industrial objects. Proposed model the appearance an emergency situation for more fundamental identification of possible risks.

Assessing the impact of the explosion dynamic effect to the surrounding rock massif during re-working off

Keywords: rock massif, support pillar, roof, dynamic load

The mathematical model of the explosion effect to the surrounding rock massif is proposed, identified areas of stress concentration at the top of the chamber, where dynamic loads may be higher than permissible, and their impact on the pillars.

Joint transportation of explosive materials by trucks

Keywords: localizer explosion joint transportation of explosive materials, the shock wave from the explosion protection

Application localization "fountain" designed for the Interior Ministry and the Emergencies Ministry, enterprises OOO "AWT-Uralservice", ZAO "PBC" and OOO "YuzhUralVzryvProm" for joint transportation of explosive materials in special vehicles.

Intensification of processes of rock mass explosive preparation and minerals extraction

Keywords: emulsion explosive, contour blasting, the density of the emulsion explosive, specific consumption of explosives

Application of linear initiators hole charges TSP-B, industrial explosives detonators DBU-3, the charge for the sole ledge ZSPP study, the cumulative charges of the ERB-B to break oversized pieces of rock mass and charge EVIL for breaking rocks and setting a limit on pit outline the territory RF.