"Explosion technology"— scientific and technical journal

Investigation of the granulometric composition of the exploded rock mass and the effect on it of the parameters of intermediate detonators in borehole charges of emulsion explosives

Keywords:granulator, intermediate detonator, emulsion explosive, chiseling, borehole

The article presents the results of studies of the patterns of distribution of the granulometric composition of the exploded rock mass during its extraction with borehole charges from emulsion explosives, which were carried out at one of the gold mining assets in the Magadan region. An analytical pattern of changes in the overall degree of crushing during the explosion of rock pieces has been revealed, it has been shown that they can serve as integral indicators for a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of various types of explosives by the intensity factor of explosive crushing of rock mass. The relationship between the parameters of intermediate detonators – diameter dd and mass Md with the degree of crushing of rocks at constant geometric parameters of drilling and blasting of borehole charges of emulsion explosives has been established and a method for their determination has been proposed. The performed measurements of the detonation rate in downhole charges of emulsion explosives revealed relatively low values of the coefficient of completeness of energy realization, decrees

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Improving the quality of fragmentation of the blasted rock mass by taking into account the structural features of the massif in calculating of borehole burden resistance

Keywords:explosion, quarry, fracturing, line of least resistance, granulometric composition, exploded rock mass, specific consumption of explosives

When conducting open-pit mining, the rocks to be blasted, in most cases, have a complex structure, which within the same quarry field may vary in lithology, physico-mechanical properties, fracturing. In changeable conditions, the parameters of charges and mounting schemes must correspond to the characteristics of rocks. Otherwise, there is a high probability of the release of oversized fractions, and especially when the burden resistance is underestimated or overestimated in areas of unregulated crushing or along the first borehole row of blasting banch. This study provides an overview of the methods for calculating the burden resistance and evaluates the factors on which the calculations are based. Comparisons of the fragmentation distribution of the blasted rock mass obtained taking into account various calculation methods are presented.

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5. Moldavan D.V., Chernobai V.I., Sokolov S.T., Bazhenova A.V. Design solutions for locking explosion products in an explosion cavity // Mining information and analytical bulletin. - 2022. - No. 6-2. - P. 5-17. DOI: 10.25018/0236_1493_2022_62_0_5.
6. Moomivand H., Seadati S., Allahverdizadeh H. A new approach to improve the assessment of rock mass discontinuity spacing using image analysis technique. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences. 2021, vol. 143, article 104760. DOI: 10.1016/j. ijrmms.2021.104760.
7. Alenichev I.A., Rakhmanov R.A. Study of empirical patterns of rock mass discharge by blasting onto the free surface of a quarry bench // Zapiski Gornogo Instituta. - 2021. - Vol. 249. - Pp. 334-341. DOI: 10.31897/pmi.2021.3.2.
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9. Marinin M.A., Evgrafov M.V., Dolzhikov V.V. Production of blasting operations for a given granulometric composition of ore within the framework of the mine-to-mill concept: current state and prospects // Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University. Georesources Engineering. - 2021. - Vol. 332. - No. 7. - P. 65-74. DOI: 10.18799/24131830/2021/7/3264.
10. Afanasev P.I., Makhmudov K.F. Assessment of the Parameters of a Shock Wave on the Wall of an Explosion Cavity with the Refraction of a Detonation Wave of Emulsion Explosives. Applied Sciences. 2021, vol. 11, no. 9, pp. 3976. DOI: 10.3390/app11093976.
11. Khokhlov S.V., Vinogradov Yu.I., Noskov A.P., Bazhenova A.V. Forecasting the displacement of ore contours during the formation of the collapse of the blasted rock mass // Mining Information and Analytical Bulletin. - 2023. - No. 3. – P. 40-56. DOI: 10.25018/0236_1493_2023_3_0_40.
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20. Tyupin V. N. Deceleration intervals for high-quality crushing of fractured massifs by blasting in quarries. – 2023 // GIAB 2023 No. 12 P.70-78. DOI: 10.25018/ 0236_1493_2023_12_0_70
21. Method for determining the parameters of drilling and blasting operations to ensure increased output of rock mass in underground mines during borehole breaking / A.M. Beisebaev, A.S. Dolgov, A.B. Uzakov, B.A. Chebotarev. - Moscow: Nedra, 1984. - 298 p.
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Experimental simulation of explosive movement of overburden

Keywords:modeling, explosion on discharge, mined-out space, explosion energy, drop ratio, camber profile

The results of modeling the effect of an explosion on discharge in a non-transport development system are considered in order to increase the efficiency of the explosive movement of overburden into the mined-out space. Data on the kinematics of the discharge process development are given, as well as the established dependencies of the discharge coefficient on the specific energy of the explosion, the width of the entry and the angle of inclination of the wells. It is shown that the adapted method of non-explosive modeling allows you to solve practical technological problems.

1. Zharikov I.F. Kinetics of the formation of internal dumps by the energy of the explosion. «Explosive Business», No 109/66, 2013, pp. 122-134.
2. Rodionov V.N., Sizov I.A., Tsvetkov V.M. Fundamentals of Geomechanics. Nedra, 1986, 299 p.
3. Adushkin V.V. Issledovanie vzryvov na vysku linenymi zaryami [Study of explosions for the release of linear charges]. FTPRPI, 1980, No 5, pp. 54-69.
4. Zharikov I.F. Development of technological schemes of explosion for the movement of overburden rocks in the developed space. «Explosive Business», No 110/62, pp. 42-53.

Selection of rock destruction tools, exhausting mode and their drive when drilling wells with electric drills in fields of Turkmenistan

Keywords:electric drilling, flushing units, central hole, bit, drilling mode, rotation speed, axial load, mechanical speed, axial play

The article discusses the analysis and recommendations for the selection of rock-cutting drilling tools, the mining mode and their drive, as well as the technology of drilling vertical and directional wells with an electric drill in the Western part of the oil and gas fields of Turkmenistan in order to increase the mechanical drilling speed and to successfully achieve the design depth. Recommendations are given for preventing breakdowns of cable sections during the drilling process, as well as instructions for selecting types of drill bits and operating different types of electric drills. To perform this analysis, materials from previously drilled wells, mining and geological characteristics of deposits, as well as instructions and rules for the operation of electric drills were used. The work can be useful and used to complete assigned tasks when drilling oil and gas wells in order to increase mechanical speed.

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The effectiveness of torpedoing rock mass during mining operations in explosive rocks

Keywords:rock and gas emissions, stresses, torpedoing, wells, distance between wells, charge sinking

The article discusses the process of stress redistribution in the bottomhole zone during the explosion of borehole charges. Various points of view on the influence of dynamic stresses on the manifestation of rock impacts and rock ejections are given. It is proposed to use torpedoing of a native array as a promising stress relief method. The essence of the method is to reduce stresses by forming a network of cracks behind the production contour by blasting a series of wells along the perimeter. The basic formulas for calculating this impact with their justification are given. The author pays special attention to observing the distance between wells when torpedoing a rock mass in order to prevent rock splinters, which can lead to the release of rocks during blasting. The justification of these parameters is confirmed by the corresponding calculations. The results of the calculation for obtaining a closed contour of destruction during the interaction of charges, based on the theory of explosion by G.I. Pokrovsky, are presented.

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Impact sensitivity of ammonium nitrate compositions with aluminum of various dispersities

Keywords:sensitivity, impact, ammonium nitrate, aluminum, explosion, granulites, initiation, explosion frequency

The work studied the sensitivity of two-component compositions of ammonium nitrate with aluminum of the ASD-4 brand, which has an average particle size of 8 microns and nano-sized aluminum of the Alex brand. Ammonium nitrate was used both granulated, produced in accordance with GOST 2-2013, and porous nitrate. The sensitivity of the compounds was studied by two methods: a standard test to determine the frequency of explosions and a method for determining the critical parameters of the initiation of substances. It has been shown that the use of nano-sized aluminum powders increases sensitivity indicators by 15-20%. It was revealed that the use of porous ammonium nitrate significantly sensitizes the compositions compared to granular ammonium nitrate.

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Application of water-resistant explosive «Hydronit - P» in mining industry

Keywords:Hydronite - P, water resistance, safety, efficiency, explosives, mining, camouflage blasting, boreholes, industrial explosives, camouflage explosion

In this scientific paper the application of water-resistant explosive «Hydronit-P» in mining industry is considered. The main characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of this substance are highlighted, and a comparative analysis with other industrial explosives is carried out. Special attention is paid to the use of «Hydronit – P» in camouflage blasting in mining. The work provides recommendations for use and strategies to ensure safe and efficient operations. The work provides valuable information for professionals in the mining industry interested in innovative blasting methods using «Hydronit – P».

1. Pedan N.R. Primenenie vzryvchatogo veshchestva Gidronit - P v vodonasyshchennyh skvazhinah na vzryvnom bloke. (Application of explosive substance Gidronit - P in water-saturated boreholes on the blast block) // Scientific aspect. - 2023. - №12. - С. 4252-4257. (date of address: 02.02.2024).
2. Federal norms and rules in the field of industrial safety «Safety rules for the production, storage and use of explosive materials for industrial purposes». M., CJSC STC PB, 2022.
3. Technical regulament of the Customs Union «On the safety of explosives and products based on them» of 20.07.2012 (as amended on 23 December 2020) No. 57 // Electronic fund of legal and normative-technical documents.
4. International standard «Industrial explosive substances. Classification» of 2014-01-01 No. GOST 32162-2013 // Electronic fund of legal and regulatory-technical documents
5. Interstate standard «Polyethylene film. Technical conditions» from 1983-07-01 № Group L27 // Electronic fund of legal and normative-technical documents.
6. Interstate standard «Aluminium and aluminium splaves wiring for cold shooting» from 1979-01-01 № group B74 // Electronic Fund of Legal and Regulatory-Technical Documents
7. Guidelines for the use of hydronite-P (Developed in accordance with the technical requirements of TR TS 028/2012 and GOST R 15.109)
8. Nitro Siberia / Products: official website. -URL: - https://nitros.ru/products?id=18
9. KRU - VZRYVPROM // Products: official site. - URL: - https://kruvp.ru/explosives
10. Camouflage blasting // Bolshaya Rossiyskaya Encyclopaedia. - URL: https://bigenc.ru/c/kamufletnoe-vzryvanie-dd522
11. Kirichenko YU. V. Istoriya i perspektivy razvitiya glubokovodnoj dobychi tverdyh podeznyh iskopaemyh (History and prospects of development of deep-water mining of solid minerals) / Yu. V. Kirichenko, A. S. Kashirsky // Mining information and analytical bulletin (scientific and technical journal). - 2015. - № S11. - С. 123-134. - EDN VKHFKB.

Safe distances for the action of shock air waves during explosions of ejection and discharge charges in rocks

Keywords:industrial safety, ejection charges, shock air waves of explosion, safe distances

A method for determining safe distances by the action of shock air waves during explosions in rocks of concentrated and elongated explosive charges of ejection and discharge for the formation of profile recesses for various purposes is presented. The calculation formulas for determining the radii of hazardous areas for HC take into account the masses of the explosive charges actually used and the corresponding explosion action index for the formation of ejection craters on the Earth's surface.

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Phytoremediation of limestone quarry territory

Keywords:limestone quarry, mining, phytoremediation, bioremediation, pollutants, biodiversity

The article is devoted to the study of the restoration of limestone quarry space through one of the modern areas of bioremediation - phytoremediation. The soil-vegetation layer undergoes the greatest impact of pollutants, especially nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, manganese and benzo/a/pyrene from the operation of machinery and blasting of rock mass. In addition, mail samples were collected from the study area for agrochemical properties. An excess of aluminum and sodium content was revealed. The increased content of pollutants affects the physical and chemical properties of the soil, which further depresses the plant communities growing nearby. When carrying out phytoremediation, the effect of soil purification by pollutant accumulator plants is assessed by the degree of reduction in the initial concentration of the pollutant in the soil, which can be described by the equation of accumulation of the pollutant in the plant over a certain period of time. The work presents an equation for plant growth, which can be used for further analysis of the experiment and monitoring of restored lands. The mechanism of transition of harmful substances from the atmosphere to soil is a complex process, the study of which is based on the use of mathematical modeling methods. The general model equation for the migration of pollutants in soil is applicable in this study. Basically, phytoremediation methods are based on the absorption of pollutant molecules by plants. Mineral absorption depends on the solubility and mobility of soil minerals. The article lists many plant species that are capable of maximally absorbing certain toxic substances. Particular emphasis is placed on plants that are phytomeliorants of aluminum, as the main toxicant in limestone quarries. Phytoremediation restores the soil environment, provides the soil with oxygen, organic matter, which helps improve the quality and structure of the soil to further increase biodiversity.

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Participation of ANO "NOIV" in solving the tasks of the integrated scientific and technical program "Clean coal - green Kuzbass" (Results of the XXIV International Conference on explosives)

Keywords:conference, explosives, technology, development, blasting, speaker, object

From March 24 to 28, 2024, on the eve of the 60th anniversary of the large coal mining company Kuzbassrazrezugol Coal Company, for the first time, the XXIV International conference on mining and blasting was held in Kuzbass. The conference venue included three venues. Two of which are production facilities: the Kedrovsky coal mine (a branch of JSC Kuzbassrazrezugol Management Company, located in the Kemerovo city district) and Kemerovo AZOT (KAO AZOT, Kemerovo). And the third site is a branch of the Russian State Institute of Performing Arts (Kemerovo, a branch of RGISI). The decision to hold a conference of explosives experts in the heart of the Russian coal industry was absolutely correct – about 40% of the all-Russian coal is mined here, it is here that all innovative blasting methods originate and are tested in real coal mining conditions. A distinctive feature of this conference was the discussion of topical issues related to the production and supply of initiation agents, ammonium nitrate and explosives to mining enterprises and geophysical facilities. The issues of the development of mining technologies in the context of the sanctions burden and the terrorist threat to dangerous production facilities were highlighted. One of the important topics of the conference was the discussion of problems related to the development of the northern territories of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation and the construction of facilities in the development of the Northern Sea Route.